Isolasi dan Analisis Koloni Bakteri Rizosfer Untuk Agen Pengendali Penyakit Layu Fusarium Pada Tanaman Stroberi (Fragaria sp) Isolation and Analysis of Rhizosphere Bacterial Colony for Controlling Agents of Fusarium Wilt in Strawberry Plants (Fragaria sp)
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Abstract
Rhizosphere bacteria are soil microbes that can be isolated from the rhizosphere of strawberry plants (Fragaria sp). Rhizosphere bacteria are included in the group of antagonistic microbes which have the potential to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic fusarium sp fungi that infect plants that cause fusarium wilt in the roots of strawberry plants. This study aims to determine the diversity index of rhizosphere bacteria isolated from strawberry plants which are antagonistic to Fusarium sp. This study uses descriptive and experimental methods. The results of the analysis of the diversity of rhizosphere bacteria have a diversity index value of 1.35. This indicates that the diversity of rhizosphere bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of strawberry plants is in the moderate category (1.0 <H '<3.322). Analysis of potential friendship of 5 types of colonies (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) were obtained, rhizosphere bacteria R5 had a percentage of inhibition of 51.9%. So that this R5 bacteria has the potential and inhibits the growth of Fusarium sp fungi, because the R5 bacteria have the same macroscopic and microscopic characteristics and characteristics as those possessed by the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens.
Keywords: Rhizosphere bacteria, strawberry plants, Fusarium sp
ABSTRAK
Bakteri rizosfer merupakan mikroba tanah yang dapat diisolasi dari rizosfer tanaman stroberi (Fragaria sp). Bakteri rizosfer termasuk dalam kelompok mikroba antagonis yang berpotensi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen Fusarium sp yang menginfeksi tanaman yang menyebabkan penyakit layu fusarium pada akar tanaman stroberi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui indeks keragaman bakteri rizosfer yang diisolasi dari tanaman stroberi yang bersifat antagonis terhadap jamur Fusarium sp. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan eksperimen. Hasil analisis keragaman bakteri rizosfer memiliki nilai indeks keragaman sebesar 1,35. Hal ini menandakan bahwa keanekaragaman bakteri rizosfer yang diisolasi dari rizosfer tanaman stroberi termasuk dalam kategori sedang (1,0<H’<3,322). Analisis potensi penghamabatan dari 5 macam koloni (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) yang didapatkan, bakteri rizosfer R5 memiliki persentase daya hambat sebesar 51,9%. Sehingga bakteri R5 ini memiliki potensi dan menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Fusarium sp, sebab bakteri R5 memiliki ciri-ciri dan karakter makroskopis dan mikroskopis yang sama dengan ciri-ciri yang dimiliki oleh bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens.
Kata kunci: Bakteri rizosfer, tanaman stroberi, Fusarium sp
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