Analisis Karakter Fenotip Beberapa Spesies Dendrobium Phenotype Character Analysis of Orchid Dendrobium
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Abstract
Phenotype character of orchid Dendrobium is known necessarily for the effective conservation to enhance the utilization of genetic resources. The phenotype kinship relationship is able benefit using in the crosses and orchid breeding program of Dendrobium. This research aims to know the phenotype character and kinship relationship some of Dendrobium orchid based on the phenotype character and stomata leaves in the orchid plantations, Batu, Malang East Java. The method of this research is descriptive by direct observation towards 10 species of Dendrobium orchid and refers to the guidebook of ornamental plants characterization of orchid then processed to be binary data and computed into program of PAST.3.5.1. The result of phenotype characteristic analysis obtained the big group, each of group or sub-group that can be elders as crosses sample those are D. strepsiceras, D. laxiflorum, D. liniale, D. secundum, D. sylvnum. The stomata are round and oval while epidermal cells are pentagon and hexagon shaped.
Keywords: Dendrobium, stomata, phenotype character, kinship analysis
ABSTRAK
Karakter Fenotip anggrek Dendrobium perlu diketahui untuk melakukan konservasi yang efektif guna meningkatkan pemanfaatan sumber daya genetik. Hubungan kekerabatan fenotip bisa digunakan sebagai dasar keberhasilan dalam persilangan dan sebagai program pemuliaan spesies anggrek Dendrobium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan karakter fenotip beberapa spesies anggrek Dendrobium berdasarkan karakter fenotip dan sel epidermis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pengamatan secara langsung terhadap 10 spesies anggrek Dendrobium dengan mengacu pada buku panduan karakterisasi tanaman hias anggrek kemudian diolah menjadi data biner dan dikomputasikan dalam program PAST. 3.15. Hasil analisis karakter fenotip mendapatkan kelompok besar, masing-masing dalam satu kelompok maupun sub kelompok yang dapat di jadikan tetua sebagai bahan persilangan yaitu pada spesies D. Strepsiceras, D.laxiflorum, D. Liniale, D, secundum, D. Sylvanum. Sedangkan cirri khas dari masing-masing spesies dapat diamati dari waran bunga, aroma bunga, bentuk petala, bentuk labellum, bentuk bunga, bentuk stomata dan sel epidermis. Stomata berbentuk bulat dan oval sedangkan sel epidermis berbentuk segi lima dan segi enam.
Kata kunci: Dendrobium, stomata, karakter fenotip , analisis kekerabatan
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