DIVERSITAS DAN POLA DISTRIBUSI BIVALVIA DI ZONA INTERTIDAL DAERAH PESISIR KECAMATAN UJUNG PANGKAH KABUPATEN GRESIK
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Abstract
This study aims to determine the distribution and diversity patterns bivalves in the intertidal zone and the influence of various parameters of salinity, pH, water and soil, temperature, brightness, depth, strong currents, CO2, DO, TDS and TSS toward diversity and distribution patterns bivalves. Study use quantitative descriptive method. Sampling use systematic random sampling method by means of explorative using observation stations. Analysis of the data used is the analysis of the data by the value of density, species diversity index, uniformity index, dominance index, principal component analysis (PCA), the analysis of CA (correspondence Analysis), and the distribution pattern types. The research found as many as nine species of bivalves from 4 Order dominated Meretrix meretrix yellow at station 1 with value H '= 1.104, D = 0.382, E = 0.380, Meretrix meretrix yellow at station 2; H '= 1.510, D = 0.263, E = 0.261, and Perna viridis at station 3; H' = 0.779, D = 0.544, E = 0.535. Morisita dispersion analysis results showed bivalvesdistribution patterns tend to cluster with low diversity, but showed uniformity with the medium category. The content of CO2, depth, brightness, water temperature, and salinity is a major factor that greatly affects the pattern of distribution and density of bivalves in the intertidal zone of coastal area districts Edge Pangkah Gresik.Â
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui diversitas dan pola distribusi Bivalvia di zona intertidal dan pengaruh salinitas, pH air & tanah, Suhu, kecerahan, kedalaman, kuat arus, CO2, DO, TDS, dan TSS terhadap diversitas dan pola distribusi bivalvia. Penelitian menggunakan metode Deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melakukan observasi, identifikasi, dan dokumentasi. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode acak sistematik dengan cara Ekploratif menggunakan stasiun pengamatan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data menurut nilai kepadatan, indeks keanekaragaman jenis, indeks keseragaman, indeks dominansi, analisis komponen utama (PCA), analisis CA (Correspondence Analysis), dan pola sebaran jenis. Ditemukan sebanyak 9 spesies Bivalvia dari 4 Ordo yang didominasi Meretrix meretrix yellow pada stasiun 1 dengan nilai H'=1,104, D=0,382, E=0,380, Meretrix meretrix yellow pada stasiun 2;  H'=1,510, D=0,263, E=0,261, dan Perna viridis pada stasiun 3;  H'=0,779, D=0,544, E=0,535. Hasil analisis dispersi morisita menunjukkan Pola sebaran Bivalvia cenderung mengelompok dengan keanekaragaman yang rendah, namun menunjukkan keseragaman dengan kategori sedang. Kandungan CO₂, kuat arus, TSS, suhu, dan salinitas merupakan faktor utama yang sangat mempengaruhi pola distribusi dan kepadatan Bivalvia di zona intertidal kawasan pesisir kecamatan Ujung pangkah Kabupaten Gresik.
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