Isolasi Bakteri Endofit pada Tanaman Jeruk Keprok (Citrus reticulata) Madura dan Uji Potensi Antagonis dengan jamur Diplodia sp. Endophytic Bacteria Isolation in Keprok Orange Plants (Citrus reticulata)-Madura and Potensial Antagonistic Test to Fungus of Diplodia sp
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Abstract
Endophytes can produce large quantities of bioactive metabolites, which are involved in the relationship between endophytes and hosts. Among the potential antagonistic bacteria that can be used as biological controllers are endophytic bacteria, namely bacteria that live in plant tissues and can move between tissues. One alternative to controlling diseases in citrus plants is to use biological agents that are antagonistic to the cause of the disease. Exploration of biological agents was carried out by isolating endophytic bacteria leaves of Madura varieties. The aim of researh was to determine the diversity index of endophytic bacteria from the leaves of Madura variety and to know the antagonistic colonies of endophytic bacteria toward Diplodia sp. The study used descriptive and experimental methods with taking into account the research objectives. Observations were carried out using PCA (Plate Count Agar) media, NA (Nutrient Agar), and MCA (Mac Conkey Agar). Diversity index of endophytic bacterial microorganisms isolated from the leaves of Madura varieties, namely 9 types of bacterial colonies obtained E1 milky white, E2 milky white, E3 milky white, E4 milky white, E5 white, E6 white, E6 white, E7 white, E8 Yellow and E9 clear white. After the antagonistic test of the nature of the bacterial colonies with the diplodia fungus sp, there were four types of antagonistic endophytic bacteria colonies namely E3 percentage (47.5%), E4 percentage (35.31%), E6 percentage (35%), lastly E9 percentage (63, 43%).
Keywords: Endophytic bacteria, orange leaves, diplodia fungus.
ABSTRAK
Endofit dapat menghasilkan bioaktif metabolit dalam jumlah banyak, yang terlibat didalam hubungan antara endofit dan inang. Diantara bakteri potensial antagonis yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengendali hayati adalah bakteri endofit yaitu bakteri yang hidup didalam jaringan tanaman dan dapat berpindah antar jaringan. Salah satu alternatif pengendalian penyakit pada tanaman jeruk adalah menggunaan agen hayati yang bersifat antagonis terhadap penyebab penyakit. Eksplorasi agen hayati dilakukan dengan mengisolasi bakteri endofit daun tanaman jeruk keprok varietas Madura. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan indeks keragaman mikroorganisme bakteri endofit daun jeruk keprok varietas Madura dan mempelajari sifat Antagonis koloni bakteri Endofit kepada jamur Diplodia sp. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskrptif dan eksperimental dengan dengan mempertimbangkan tujuan penelitian. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan mengunakan media PCA (Plate Count Agar), NA (Nutrient Agar), dan MCA (Mac Conkey Agar). Indeks keragaman mikroorganisme bakteri endofit yang diisolasi dari daun jeruk keprok varietas Madura yaitu ada 9 macam koloni bakteri yang didapat E1 warna putih susu, E2 putih susu, E3 putih susu, E4 putih susu, E5 putih, E6 putih, E7 putih, E8 Kuning dan E9 putih bening. Setelah dilakukannya uji antagonis sifat dari koloni bakteri dengan jamur diplodia sp ada empat macam koloni bakteri endofit yang bersifat antagonis yaitu E3 persentase (47,5%), E4 persentase (35,31%), E6 persentase (35%), terakhir yaitu dari E9 persentase (63,43%).
Kata kunci: Bakteri Endofit, daun jeruk, jamur Diplodia sp.
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