Studi Etnobotani Sukun (Artocarpus communis) Pada Masyarakat Desa Sadengrejo Kecamatan Rejoso Kabupaten Pasuruan The Ethnobotani Study of “Sukun†(Artocarpus communis) on The Sadengrejo Subdistrict Community of Rejoso District in Pasuruan Residence
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Abstract
Artocarpus communis has been alternative food in Indonesia since 1920. Artocarpus communis plants become necessary necessity because the carbohydrate and nutritional value is very high. This research aims to know the perception of community in the aspect of using and conservation towards breadfruit plants and describe the existing of Artocarpus communis plants in the Sadengrejo subdistrict. This research used qualitative descriptive method which includes: a study of the literature, observations in the field, interviews using questionnaires, data analysis, and documentation of plants distribution . The results study showed community perception of Sadengrejo subdistrict toward the Artocarpus communis plants is very high.. The part “sukun†plant utilized for fruit 70%, leaf 12%, and stem 18%. The source of the knowledge Sadengrejo community comes from a ancestor for generation 62% and the tradersman 38%. The number of the fruit plant in the Sadengrejo subdistrict was devided in the Ndara village and there are 56% and the Ngebras village 44% with varied distribution.
Keywords: Ethno-botany, Artocarpus communis (“Sukunâ€), community perception.
ABSTRAK
Sukun (Artocarpus communis) merupakan tanaman pangan alternatif di Indonesia sejak tahun 1920. Tanaman sukun mempunyai arti penting dalam penopang kebutuhan sumber pangan karena kandungan karbohidrat dan nilai gizinya sangat tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat dalam aspek pemanfaatan dan aspek konservasi terhadap tanaman sukun dan mendeskripsikan keberadaan individu tanaman sukun yang tumbuh di Desa Sadengrejo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang meliputi: studi pustaka, pengamatan di lapangan, wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, analisis data, dan dokumentasi persebaran tanaman sukun. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan persepsi masyarakat desa Sadengrejo tarhadap pemanfaatan tanaman sukun sangat tinggi. Bagian tanaman sukun dimanfaatkan untuk buah 70%, daun 12%, dan batang 18%. Sumber pengetahuan masyarakat desa Sadengrejo berasal dari nenek moyang secara turun-temurun 62% dan pedagang 38%. Jumlah dari tanaman sukun yang berada di desa Sadengrejo terbagi di wilayah dusun Ndara terdapat 56% dan dusun Ngebras 44% dengan persebaran yang bervariasi
Kata Kunci : Etnobotani, Artocarpus communis (Sukun), Perspsi Masyarakat
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