PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KOLKISIN TERHADAP KARAKTER STOMATA DAUN ZAITUN (Olea europeae L.)
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Abstract
The olive plant (Olea europaea L.) is a plant in the area with a hot climate to a temperate climate. Polyploids can be ocur naturally or unnaturally in plants. Artificially polyploids can be done with chemical substances, one of them is Colchicine. Induction of polyploids in colchicine with a high concentration because the size of stomata became larger and the number of stomata will be decline. The plants that are polyploids in anatomy can be marked with the size of his cell becomes larger. This research is attempted to know the influence of various concentrations of colchicine against the shape, size, and density of stomata, olive leaf (Olea europaea L.). This research use the method of complete Random design experiments that is consist of 5 treatment with the soaking and drops. Research parameters include form/type stomata density, stomata and the size of the length and width of the stomata. The results showed that the present of colchicine can affect the size of stomata, olive leaf (Olea europaea L.). 0.75% concentration is the better results than other concentrations. However, the present of colchicine has not effect to the change of shape and density of stomata, olive leaf (Olea europaea L.).Â
Key words: Colchicine, Polyploidy, Stomata, olive (Olea europaea L.).
ABSTRAKTanaman zaitun (Olea europaea L.) merupakan tanaman yang banyak terdapat di daerah dengan iklim panas sampai iklim sedang. poliploid ini dapat terjadi secara alami maupun buatan pada tanaman. Poliploid secara buatan dapat dilakukan dengan zat kimia, salah satunya dengan kolkisin. Induksi poliploid pada kolkisin dengan konsentrasi yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan ukuran stomata menjadi lebih besar dan jumlah stomata akan mengalami penurunan. Tanaman yang bersifat poliploid secara anatomi dapat ditandai dengan ukuran selnya menjadi lebih besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi kolkisin terhadap bentuk, ukuran, dan kerapatan stomata daun zaitun (Olea europaea L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 5 perlakuan dengan perendaman dan tetes. Parameter penelitian meliputi bentuk/ tipe stomata, kerapatan stomata dan ukuran panjang dan lebar stomata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kolkisin dapat berpengaruh terhadap ukuran stomata daun zaitun (Olea europaea L.). Konsentrasi 0,75% merupakan hasil yang paling baik daripada konsentrasi yang lain. Akan tetapi pemberian kolkisin tidak berpengaruh terhadap perubahan bentuk dan kerapatan stomata daun zaitun (Olea europaea L.).
Kata Kunci: Kolkisin, Poliploidi, Stomata, Zaitun (Olea europaea L.).
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