PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI KOLKISIN DENGAN LAMA PERENDAMAN TERHADAP RESPON FENOTIPIK ZAITUN (Olea europaea)
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Abstract
Olive plant is a plant that lives in the Middle East region, but also in Indonesia olive plant can grow. Olive trees can be propagated by using various ways such as using ovule (spheroplast) or stem cuttings. One effort that can be applied to improve plant genetic olive namely through the use of colchicine. Colchicine can induce chromosomal polyploidy, or doubling the olive set chromosome. The method of administration of colchicine can be done on the part of the plant that are actively dividing such as the root end. It can resulting in the appearance of plants that grow large. This study aimed to determine the effect of colchicine at various concentrations and soaking time of the olive plant phenotypic response. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a randomized block design. Treatment given soaking time is 1 and 2 hours and colchicine concentrations of 0% (control), 0:25% 0:50%, 0.75% and 1%. Units were divided into three groups and each group consisted of three replications. Analyses were performed using ANOVA two way analysis at α = 0.95.The analysis showed that the treatment of colchicine concentration and soaking time and no significantly effect on plant height and number of leaves on the olive, but significant effect on the increase of stem diameter at the treatment of 0.25% with a soaking time of 1 hour.
Keywords: phenotypic response, olive, colchicine concentration, soaking time
ABSTRAKTanaman zaitun merupakan tanaman yang hidup di wilayah Timur Tengah, tetapi di Indonesia tanaman zaitun dapat tumbuh. Pohon zaitun dapat diperbanyak dengan menggunakan berbagai cara seperti menggunakan bakal biji (spheroplast) atau pun stek batang. Salah satu upaya yang dapat diterapkan untuk memperbaiki genetik tanaman zaitun yaitu melalui penggunaan kolkisin. Kolkisin dapat menginduksi poliploidi atau penggandaan kromosom pada tanaman zaitun. Metode pemberian kolkisin dapat dilakukan pada bagian tanaman yang sedang aktif membelah seperti pada ujung akar sehingga mengakibatkan kenampakan tanaman yang bertambah besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kolkisin pada berbagai konsentrasi dan lama perendaman terhadap respon fenotipik tanaman zaitun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Perlakuan lama perendaman yang diberikan adalah 1 dan 2 jam serta konsentrasi kolkisin yaitu 0% (kontrol), 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% dan 1%. Unit percobaan dibagi ke dalam tiga kelompok dan tiap kelompok terdiri dari tiga ulangan. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan ANOVA dua arah pada P=0.05. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan konsentrasi kolkisin dan lama perendaman tidak pengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun pada tanaman zaitun, akan tetapi memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan diameter batang pada perlakuan 0,25% dengan lama perendaman 1 jam.
Kata Kunci: Respon fenotipik, zaitun, konsentrasi kolkisin, lama perendaman
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