KAJIAN PEMBERIAN KOLKISIN DENGAN METODE TETES TERHADAP PROFIL POLIPLOIDI TANAMAN ZAITUN (Olea europaea)
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Abstract
The olive (Olea europaea) included in the family Oleaceae. Olive (Olea europaea) has 2n = 46 chromosomes. Accelerated evolution in higher plants can be characterized by an increase in the number of chromosomes as a result of polyploidy. Polyploidy can be done by duplicating the number of chromosomes and this can be caused by several antimitotic agent and the most common of which is colchicine. Colchicine many successfully used to obtain polyploidy in Olive plants for increasing secondary metabolite ingredients. This study aims to determine chromosome profiles olive plants after administration concentration of colchicine 0 %, 0.25 %, 0.50 %, 0.75 % and 1 % using drip method. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that administration of colchicine with a drip method can affect the olive plant chromosome profile. Observations at a concentration of 1 % indicate that chromosomes in the concentrations seen more. It can be used as an indication of polyploidy in Olive plants.Â
Keywords: Polyploidy, Olives, Colchicine.
ABSTRAKPohon zaitun (Olea europaea) termasuk ke dalam famili Oleaceae. Zaitun (Olea europaea) memiliki kromosom 2n = 46. Evolusi yang dipercepat pada tanaman tingkat tinggi dapat ditandai oleh bertambahnya jumlah kromosom sebagai hasil poliploidi. Kromosom dapat diduplikasi melalui mutasi sehingga memunculkan peristiwa poliploidi. Poliploidi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan kolkisin sebagai agen antimitosis. Kolkisin telah banyak digunakan untuk memperoleh poliploidi pada tanaman zaitun untuk meningkatkan kandungan metabolit sekundernya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kromosom tanaman zaitun setelah pemberian konsentrasi kolkisin 0%, 0,25%, 0,50%, 0,75% dan 1% dengan menggunakan metode tetes. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kolkisin dengan metode tetes dapat mempengaruhi profil kromosom tanaman zaitun. Hasil pengamatan pada konsentrasi 1% menunjukkan bahwa kromosom pada konsentrasi tersebut cenderung lebih banyak. Hal ini dapat digunakan sebagai indikasi adanya poliploidi pada tanaman zaitun.Â
Kata Kunci: Poliploidi, zaitun, kolkisin
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