Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Biji Durian pada Pembuatan Bioplastik
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Abstract
Plastic is a type of packaging that is often used in everyday life, however, in general, the plastic used is synthetic plastic which takes a very long time to decompose. Bioplastic is an environmentally friendly plastic film made from organic materials so that it can decompose naturally with the help of microorganisms. This study aims to determine the effects which have the potential as a supporting material in increasing bioplastic characteristics such as thickness, water absorption and biodegradation. The research method was to use experiment and analysis of varian. Durian seed flour is carried out through a process of sorting, washing, stripping, soaking, slicing, drying, packing and storing. Meanwhile, the method of making bioplastics is done by mixing tapioca flour, cornstarch, durian seed flour of adding various durian seed flour: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 grams, distilled water, acetic acid and glycerin. The analysis results obtained on the test of bioplastic characteristics, namely, thickness test ranging from 0.63 mm - 0.84 mm and water resistance test ranging from 71,43%-86,54% which water absorption test ranging from 13.46% - 28.57% and the biodegradability test ranging from 17.78% - 47 , 06%.
Keywords: durian seeds, bioplastics, biodegradability, flour
ABSTRAK
Plastik adalah jenis pengemas yang sering dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, akan tetapi pada umumnya plastik yang digunakan merupakan plastik sintetik yang membutuhkan waktu yang sangat lama untuk terurai. Bioplastik merupakan film plastik yang ramah lingkungan yang terbuat dari bahan-bahan organik sehingga dapat terurai secara alami dengan bantuan mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung biji durian yang berpotensi sebagai bahan penunjang dalam meningkatkan karakteristik bioplastik seperti ketebalan, ketahanan terhadap air dan biodegradasi. Metode penelitian adalah menggunakan eksperimen dan sidik ragam data. Tepung biji durian dilakukan melalui proses penyortiran, pencucian, pengupasan, perendaman, pengirisan, pengeringan, penepungan dan penyimpanan. Sedangkan untuk metode pembuatan bioplastik dilakukan dengan mencampurkan tepung tapioka, tepung maizena, tepung biji durian dengan variasi: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 gram, akuades, asam asetat dan gliserin. Hasil analisa yang didapat pada pengujian karakteristik bioplastik yaitu, uji ketebalan yang berkisar 0,63 mm – 0,84 mm, uji ketahanan terhadap air yang berkisar 71,43%-86,54% dengan penyerapan air berkisar 13,46 % - 28,57% dan uji biodegradibilitas yang berkisar 17,78% - 47,06%.
Kata kunci: biji durian, bioplastik, biodegradibilitas, tepung.
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Jurnal Biosaintropis (Bioscience-Tropici s licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY). The work has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or part of a published lecture or thesis) and it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. When the manuscript is accepted for publication in this journal, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher.
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