Etnobotani Cabai Jawa (Piper retrofractum) pada Masyarakat Desa Kalipait Kecamatan Tegaldlimo Kabupaten Banyuwangi Ethnobotany of Java Chili (Piper retrofractum) in the community of Kalipait Village, Tegaldlimo District, Banyuwangi Regency
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Abstract
Java Chili Plants (Piper retrofractum) is a medicinal plant that has economic value and can be developed is a family of Piperaceae. The purpose of this study was to determine the public perception of the morphology, distribution and aspects of utilization of Java chili plants in the community of Kalipait Village, Tegaldlimo District, Banyuwangi Regency. This research was conducted in Kalipait Village, Tegaldlimo Subdistrict, Banyuwangi Regency in March to June 2019. This study used descriptive exploratory techniques which included literature study, field observations, and interviews using questionnaires, data analysis and documentation of the distribution of Java chili plants. The results of this study indicate that the morphology of the Java chilli plant in Kalipait Village has a round and brown color stem, single leaves, interspersed, pinnate pinnate. Red leaves. Distribution of Java Chili in Kalipait Village has 15 points with 49 individuals. The perception of the people of Kalipait Village on the utilization of Java Chili plants is divided into needs (1%) of food, ornamental plants (4%) of traditional medicine (37%) and for economic value added (58%). The most widely used parts of the Java chili plant by the people of Kalipait Village are fruit (65%), leaves (25%), and roots as much as (10%).
Keywords: ethnobotany, Piper retrofractum, medicinal plants
Tanaman Cabe jawa (Piper retrofractum) merupakan tanaman obat yang memiliki nilai ekonomi dan dapat dikembangkan, merupakan famili dari Piperaceae. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat tentang morfologi, distribusi dan aspek pemanfaatan tanaman cabe jawa masyarakat Desa Kalipait Kecamatan Tegaldlimo Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Kalipait Kecamatan Tegaldlimo Kabupaten Banyuwangi pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Juni 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teknik deskriptif eksploratif yang meliputi studi studi pustaka, pengamatan dilapang, wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, analisis data dan dokumentasi persebaran tanaman cabe jawa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa morfologi tanaman cabe jawa di Desa Kalipait memiliki batang bentuk bulat, warna coklat. Daun tunggal, berseling, pertulangan menyirip. Daun berwarna merah. Distribusi Cabe Jawa di Desa Kalipait terdapat 15 titik dengan jumlah 49 individu. Persepsi masyarakat Desa Kalipait pada pemanfaatan tanaman Cabe Jawa terbagi dalam keperluan (1%) pangan, tanaman hias (4%) obat tradisional (37%) dan untuk nilai tambah ekonomi (58%). Bagian organ tanaman cabe jawa yang paling banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat Desa Kalipait yaitu buah (65%), daun (25%), dan akar sebanyak (10%).
Kata kunci : etnobotani, Piper retrofractum, tumbuhan obat
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