Isolasi, Keanekaragaman Koloni dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Metanogenik pada Sedimen Kolam Ikan Lele (Clarias sp.) Isolation, Colony Diversity and Characterization of Methanogenic Bacteria in Pond Sediment of Catfish (Clarias sp.)
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Abstract
Bakteri metanogenik adalah bakteri penghasil gas metan. Bakteri ini digolongkan sebagai Archaebacteria yang secara alami hidup di rawa-rawa, tanah becek, kolam dan dalam alat pencernaan hewan besar. Sedimen pada kolam ikan mengandung elemen nutrien yang terbentuk dari aktivitas makhluk hidup seperti sisa pakan dan kotoran ikan sehingga menjadi habitat yang sangat mendukung pertumbuhan mikroorganisme. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya bakteri metanogenik dan nilai indeks keanekaragaman pada sedimen kolam ikan lele (Clarias sp.) serta karakter bakteri metanogenik. Pengambilan sampel berasal dari kolam ikan lele (Clarias sp.) di Desa Bendosewu, Kecamatan Talun, Kabupaten Blitar. Metode yang digunakan yaitu teknik isolasi anaerobik menggunakan media thioglikolat, morfologi sel dengan pewarnaan gram dan fisiologi dengan MR-VP. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah dalam sedimen kolam ikan lele (Clarias sp.) terdapat bakteri metanogenik dengan nilai indeks keanekaragaman koloni kolam A lebih tinggi dibanding kolam B. Keduanya menunjukkan keanekaragaman rendah.
Kata kunci : bakteri, metanogenik, sedimen.
ABSTRACT
Methanogenic bacteria are methane gas producing methane. This bacteria are classified as Archaebacteria which naturally live in swamps, muddy soil, ponds and in the digestive organs of large animals. Sediments in fish ponds contain nutrient elements which are formed from the activity of living things such as food waste and fish feces making it a habitat that strongly supports the growth of microorganisms. The study aimed to determine the presence of methanogenic bacteria and the diversity index value in catfish (Clarias sp.) pond sediments and the characteristics of methanogenic bacteria. Sampling came from catfish (Clarias sp.) ponds in Bendosewu village, Talun sub-district, Blitar district. The method used is anaerobic isolation technique using thioglycolate medium, cell morphology with gram staining and physiology with MR-VP. The result obtained were in catfish (Clarias sp.) pond sediments there were methanogenic bacteria with a diversity index of pond A colonies higher than pond B colonies. Both are showing low diversity.
Keywords :bacteria, methanogenic, sediment.
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