Identifikasi Serangga Pada Lahan Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pengembangan Benih Palawija Singosari Kabupaten Malang Identification of Insects in Maize (Zea mays L.) Land of Technical Implementation Unit of Crops Seed Development, Singosari, Malang
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Abstract
Corn is a seasonal plant. Corn is one of the crop commodities that has an important role in agriculture and the economy in Indonesia. Problems that often occur in the cultivation of corn (Zea mays) are such as water availability, land area, weather, disease and pest attacks. Insects are animals which include an important role in the agricultural ecosystem, but not all insects are beneficial for these plants. Insects also consist of several types of Orders, namely the Order of Coleoptera, Order of Diptera, Order of Lepidoptera, Order of Homoptera, Order of Hemiptera, and Order of Thysanoptera. Insects also have their respective statuses as predators, pests, pollinators, and suckers. This study aims to identify the types of insects on cornfields and determine the effect of abiotic factor correlations on the number of insects on cornfields. This research uses quantitative descriptive method, the retrieval of insects with the absolute method and this study makes direct observations (visual) and the determination of plots using purposive sampling. The results showed 5 orders (Odonata, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera), 6 families (Libellulidae, Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Acrididae, Coccinellidae, and Pentatomidae) and 9 kinds of insects. The most common insects are found in the Odonata Order, as many as 51 birds and the least insects found were found in the order of 2 Lepidoptera Familia Acrididae. Abiotic factors measured are temperature, humidity, wind speed and light intensity. Wind speed is related to the arrival of insects that come on cornfields.
Keywords:corn plant (Zea mays),Insects, abiotic factor.
ABSTRAK
Jagung merupakan tanaman musiman. Jagung termasuk salah satu komoditas tanaman yang mempunyai peranan penting dalam pertanian dan juga perekonomian di Indonesia. Masalah yang sering terjadi dalam budidaya tanaman jagung (Zea mays) yaitu seperti ketersediaan air, luas lahan, cuaca, serangan penyakit dan hama. Serangga merupakan hewan yang termasuk memegang peranan penting dalam ekosistem pertanian, tetapi tidak semua serangga menguntungkan untuk tanaman tersebut. Serangga juga terdiri dari beberapa jenis Ordo yaitu Ordo Coleoptera, Ordo Diptera, Ordo Lepidoptera, Ordo Homoptera, Ordo Hemiptera, dan Ordo Thysanoptera. Serangga juga memiliki status masing-masing yaitu sebagai predator, hama, penyerbuk, dan penghisap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi macam-macam serangga pada lahan tanaman jagung dan mengetahui pengaruh korelasi faktor abiotik terhadap jumlah serangga pada lahan tanaman jagung. penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif, pengambilan serangga dengan metode mutlak dan penelitian ini melakukan pengamatan secara langsung (visual) dan penentuan plot menggunakan Purposive Sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 5 ordo (Odonata, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera, Coleoptera, dan Hemiptera), 6 familia (Libellulidae, Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Acrididae, Coccinellidae, dan Pentatomidae) dan 9 macam serangga. Serangga yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu terdapat pada Ordo Odonata yaitu sebanyak 51 ekor dan serangga yang paling sedikit ditemukan yaitu terdapat pada Ordo Lepidoptera Familia Acrididae sebanyak 2 ekor. Faktor abiotik yang diukur yaitu suhu, kelembaban, kecepatan angin dan intensitas cahaya. Kecepatan angin berhubungan terhadap kedatangan serangga yang datang pada lahan tanaman jagung.
Kata kunci: tanaman jagung (Zea mays), Serangga, faktor abiotik
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