Karakteristik Mikoriza Anggrek Dendrobium sp. dan Spathoglottis sp. pada Media PDA dengan perbedaan pH (Identifying Characteristic of Mycorrhizal Orchid Dendrobium sp. and Spathoglottis sp. in pH Differences of PDA Media)
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Abstract
Mycorrhizal is relationship mutualism between root and fungi. Examination of fungi requires environment outside of the orchid body. Most fungi grow up at relatively low pH. The aim of research is to identify the variety of mycorrhizal orchid isolates which in the orchid root of Dendrobium sp. (epiphytic orchids) and Spathoglottis sp. (Terrestrial orchids) and that in two kinds of growth media pH. The research method is descriptive experimental design with combination of treatments toward two orchid species, PDA media (Potato Dextrose Agar) by without and adding HCl 10% and types of cutting orchid root is cross and longitudinal. The technique of growth fungi consists of eight treatments those are code of SA1.1, SA2.1, SB1.1, SB2.1, DA1.1, DA2.1, DB1.1, and DB2. Root pieces had been isolated into Potato Dextrose Agar media and incubated for 2-5 days. Colonies of fungi that grow had been purified isolate and incubated for 2-3 days. Identification is based on the macroscopic morphology and microscopic characters and is used determination key. The media with low pH show more growth of isolate fungi variety. The result of this research is growth of orchid’s mycorrizhal there was a genus, Mucor. Isolate from low pH of media, root of Spathoglottis sp. terrestrial orchids that longitudinal cut there were two genuses, Mucor and Rhizoctonia.
Keywords: Mycorrizal, PDA Media, Orchid Root
ABSTRAK
Mikoriza adalah hubungan simbiosis mutualisme antara akar dan jamur. Pemeriksaan jamur membutuhkan lingkungan diluar tubuh tanaman anggrek. Jamur pada umumnya tumbuh pada pH relatif rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis isolat jamur mikoriza yang terdapat pada akar anggrek Dendrobium sp. (anggrek epifit) dan Spathoglottis sp. (anggrek terrestrial) pada dua macam pH media pertumbuhan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan percobaan dengan rancangan deskriptif kepada kombinasi perlakuan yaitu dua spesies anggrek, media PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) tanpa dan dengan penambahan HCl 10%, tipe potongan akar melintang dan membujur. Pertumbuhan jamur terdiri atas delapan perlakuan yaitu kode SA1.1, SA2.1, SB1.1, SB2.1, DA1.1, DA2.1, DB1.1 dan DB2.1. Potongan akar diisolasi ke dalam media PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) dan diinkubasi selama 2-5 hari. Selanjutnya, koloni jamur yang tumbuh dilakukan biakan murni dan diinkubasi selama 2-3 hari. Identifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi makroskopis dan mikroskopis dan digunakan kunci determinasi. Media dengan pH rendah menunjukkan pertumbuhan jenis isolat jamur lebih banyak. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu pertumbuhan mikoriza anggrek pada isolat terdapat satu genus yaitu Mucor. Isolat dari media pH rendah berasal dari akar anggrek terrestrial Spathoglottis sp. dipotong membujur terdapat dua genus yaitu Mucor dan Rhizoctonia..
Kata kunci: Mikoriza, Media PDA, Akar Anggrek
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